Theory of a variety of effects on society can advance human understanding of the law, the following is my choice of nine effect theory:
Butterfly Effect:
is a dynamic system, small changes in initial conditions can lead great the whole system of long-term ripple effect. It is a chaotic phenomenon.
American meteorologist Edward. Lorenz (Edward Lorenz) 1963 New York Academy of Sciences in a paper submitted to this effect in the analysis. ; a meteorologist mentioned, if this theory was proved correct, a seagull wings enough to forever change the weather. is: , can simulate climate change, and use images to represent. Finally, he found that the image is chaotic, and very like a butterfly with open wings, and he will be the graphic image of the approach to interpretation, so the above argument there.
Butterfly Effect is usually used for weather, stock market difficult to predict in a certain period of more complex systems. This effect shows that the development of things, on the initial conditions an extremely sensitive dependence of the minimal deviation of the initial conditions will lead to great differences in the results.
Butterfly Effect used to describe the social circles: a mechanism for small bad, if not timely guidance, regulation, would bring great harm, dubbed the known as the There is nothing very special place. However, a fisherman since it guarantees long-distance transportation of sardines as a tool for survival, the role of catfish will be more and more attention. sardines, like the quiet nature, the pursuit of stability. on the face there is no clear understanding of the danger, just keep comfortable in the current day. fisherman, wise use of the role of catfish good move to ensure that people who live sardine, in the process, he also received the greatest interest.
Norwegians like to eat sardines, especially live fish. the market price of live sardines much higher than the dead fish. Therefore, fishermen have always tried to think back to live sardine fishing port. But even after efforts, most of sardines or death by suffocation in the middle. but there is a live sardine fishing vessels make most of the fishing port back. Captain closely guarded the secret. until the captain's death, the answer was revealed. turned out to be the captain in the fish tank full of sardines to put a major food fish for the catfish. catfish into the fish tank, due to a strange environment, they move around. sardines and catfish are met tension, conflict left and right, around to escape, speed swimming. In this way, a romp back to the sardine fishing port. original catfish into the fish tank, so that the threat of sardines feel tense, speed swimming, So they live sardines into the harbor. This is the famous promote sardines swim continuously to ensure that live sardines in order to get the most benefit. in business management, managers to achieve management objectives, also need to introduce catfish talents, in order to change the business relative backwater status.
catfish effect for the There is not such a good motivation for the beginning. For catfish talent for self-realization is always the most fundamental.
catfish talents to settle down in the organization is also a need to highlight the issue. History Many These Shi Guang shot effect and similar to, are under pressure to stimulate the potential in the example. Many people know that coyote example. Australia wolves spotted on a ranch and often devour the sheep herders. herders will then help the government and military wolf group of ruthless. wolf was gone, greatly increased the number of sheep, herders are very pleased that the idea is expected to achieve. However, years later, they found significantly decreased reproductive capacity of sheep, sheep numbers have drastically declined and the weak and sickly, wool quality than ever before. herders, too, that loss of predators, the survival and reproduction of sheep genes are degraded. Thus, pastoralists and asked the government to re-introduce the wolf, the wolf returned to grassland, again to increase the number of sheep.
Jizhongshengzhi, home of the resurrection, difficult hardships in as, say these words are born of hardship for the worst reason. China's accession to the WTO, the introduction of foreign to grow and prosper, not necessarily a bad thing. pigpen Qi Health Maxima, pots difficult to raise thousands of years pine.
Some companies market behavior is a common phenomenon.
herd behavior in the field of behavioral finance is typically a phenomenon of the mainstream financial theory can not explain. economics often use to describe the economic psychology of individual sheep to follow suit. sheep is a very scattered organization, usually with the left and right is blind hit, but once there was a sheep to move, the other will without hesitation herd sheep, completely ignored or there might be wolves not far better grass. Therefore, the failure.
the emergence of herding in general a very competitive industry, but also the industry has a leader (leader) occupies the main focus, then the entire flock will continue to imitate the leader every move, the leader where to eat, where the other sheep gold.
bee effect:
from the University of Michigan professor Carl. Wake relayed a wonderful experiment. Weick organizational behavior is a well-known scholar, author of observed result is that the bees constantly want to find the exit on the bottom, until they collapsed and died of exhaustion or starvation; and flies flying around in the bottle, but in less than two minutes, through the other end of the escape the bottleneck of a space.
Wake that - in fact, precisely because of the bright bees love, because of their intelligence, before the demise of bees. bees that, the export of cells bound to the place in the brightest light; They kept repeating this a logical move. on the bees, the glass is a kind of supernatural mysteries, they had never encountered in nature, this sudden impenetrable atmosphere; and their intellectual The higher the barriers to such a strange look more unacceptable and incomprehensible.
those stupid flies are not aware of the logic of things, totally disregarding the light of the attractive, looked flying, cock to the results run into good luck; these simple-minded and wise men who die in the place is always saved successfully. So that just kind of flies can be found in the export of the final and, therefore, freedom and new life.
Wakefield concluded: do that, experiment, perseverance, trial and error, adventure, improvisation, the best way to weave, confusion, rigid and adaptable, all of which help to cope with change. creativity will be stifled become more complex world, if you want to make it into management (sensemaking), we must have the wisdom and not random dogmatic wisdom, such as the Labrador Indians through the scorched bones of deer hunting to be decided, so be called the true wisdom.
Labrador Indians as hunting is an activity carried out thousands of times, they can accumulate a wealth of relevant prey, tracking, weather and terrain of experience. Typically, they will rely on hunting team of experienced hunters to judge the knowledge and intelligence; but variable increase in the external environment or other special situations encountered, the Labrador will be the experience of the Indians aside, turned to non-logical Magic. hunting mode introduces a random variable, hunting tactics will not stick to conventions, to avoid blindly follow the experience may cause invalid chase, which is what we often say . wise as the bees tend to fall into death is the result of experience.
saturation effect:
Physics: Saturation refers to a certain temperature and pressure, the solution to maximize the amount of solute contained and can not be dissolved. Nuclear Physics: Polymer NMR saturation effect is the absorption process, the polymer absorbs the energy of electromagnetic waves with reduced amplitude of the incident electromagnetic wave phenomenon. It is the nuclear spin due to polymer absorption of more energy, the time to transfer and the formation of The. Biology: saturation effect is increased when a certain concentration of the substrate concentration, the enzymatic reaction rate is no longer affected by the concentration.
Psychology: saturation (saturation effect), the continued use of stimuli with m lead to stimulation of the psychological phenomenon of diminishing returns. It is based on adaptation level effects, ie, the nervous system will adapt to a given stimulus intensity, we must continue to repeat this time after the intensity of stimulation, the stimulating effect will become smaller and smaller; to maintain the initial effect of the high level of stimulation required to stimulate the growing strength of stimulus. This psychological phenomenon is widely used in legal psychology, especially crimes of sexual stimuli and sexual relationship between. According to this effect, a different levels of stimulus material first appeared, people will have a strong sex drive, may lead to the production of sex crimes. But if this stimulus material is still emerging, it will enhance the adaptability of people, Stimulus stimulus will continue to lower and weaken, not easy to lead to sexual crimes. At this point, trying to incite sexual arousal to sexual stimuli need to increase the level or intensity. The effect of psychological punishment, reward psychological, legal education and psychological treatment of crime and so have an important role.
Sociology: According to the principle of saturation effects in physics: a certain temperature and pressure, the solution to maximize the amount of solute contained and can not be dissolved. come to the social management theory: maximum limit, often in addition to the greatest extent.
bottleneck effect:
When the crowd through an entrance or exit, if the order to march, to the smooth flow. the faster you travel the greater flow. And When the crowd is very crowded, the flow greatly reduced. In the exercise of the vehicles on the road, if each other to maintain a certain distance, the traffic can be great. If you encounter a narrow road, the vehicle density and the formation of congestion, traffic immediately reduced. This is the so-called stumped. so I tried to think, hey, I kept thinking, that the sentence of the to the tip, has chosen not to write on paper. is to teach people , and With, , want to stop bear, perhaps a bit like a sneeze like before, and my heart is quite uncomfortable. This ;.
snowball effect:
the so-called snowball effect: once the initial advantage, it will snowball snowball, advantages will become obvious.
seen snow most of the children play been a snowball game. a little ice, stone, or is a snow, a few rolls in the snow would quickly ballooned into a big snowball, as long as you have enough strength and interest, the snowball will roll into a sufficiently alarming volume. This is called the snowball effect!
small snowball rolling early on, you also need outside help to push the volume when the snowball is big enough, you can rely on their own inertia to move forward when the external power will be relatively weak. With the snowball continues to roll, and the speed and size will snowball.
this is in fact like an interesting math problem: there are m pieces lotus pond, it will grow every day m times, for 30 days will be covered with the lotus pond. In the first 20 days, people are likely to ignore the lotus leaf area changes, until the first 27 days, the leaves of the lotus pond, but only accounted for 1 / 8, the first 28 days are also only 1 / 4, but the first 29 days on the covered m and a half, the first 30 days will be covered with the lotus pond. lotus daily rate of change are the same, the growth of the previous 28 days to bring change is so small, However, the effect is three days after the expansion is so amazing.
year, Alibaba has not succeeded to a 40% stake in listed companies at the expense, in exchange for $ 1,000,000,000 and total assets of Yahoo China.
marginal effect:
sometimes called the contribution margin is defined as consumption Successive increases in the consumer unit when the effect is brought about gradually decreasing the unit (although the total effect is still to bring the increase.
we yearn for something, the more emotional involvement, this first contact When things are the more intense emotional experience, but the second contact, will be lighter, the third time, will be more light hh this development, we exposed the more the number of things, our emotional experience is the more indifferent, tend to dull a step by step. This effect, in economics and sociology as effective as, in economics, called the Christie out, using a standard academic language that is: marginal effect of love, love the marginal effect is decreasing. adolescent period, we just walk in the dry desert, desperate need of love moisture. If you give you a glass of water, you will be very grateful, because the long drought event of rain; give You drink, you're still very happy, because you still need to, but not the first time that need to so strong a; give you a third cup, you can drink, only not need a; give you a fourth cup , h wants you to drink the fifth cup, you're not so fond of estimation, but a little tired of nausea and even a marginal effect of hh
.
the marginal effect of the marginal effect of emphasis is reflected in the perceived sexual intercourse . imagine all men and women of child sex wonderful time, although not the first sex experience, but the most passionate emotions, into the most excited. a little bit multiply the number of sex, although the development of the body better, but every time Few people will remember the difference between real, passionate and naturally is an investment of less than once. the so-called five-year itch of marriage Ye Hao, seven pain worth mentioning, absolutely can not rule out sexual life becomes dull the impact.
men cheating to steal more than women, betrayal and it has become boring in itself,bailey UGG boots, a rare Milan. Kundera . marginal effect to play to this point, I am afraid what is difficult to come up with ideas, The so-called love return to the West, all comes out of this. Even worse, they aspire to Buddhist monks and nuns to the point of detachment, because it constitutes the parties, a new challenge and excitement.
top Effect:
top effect was originally a knowledge of biology concepts in economics, there are also similar to that effect. In economics, because the system more efficient organization of individual emergence of other less efficient organization's existence and development constitute the destruction or inhibition effect, we call this effect is called ; top effect countries is still immature stages of the division of labor productivity mm relationship has been formed, will suffer a heavy blow to the developing countries can never achieve development.
1. ) get richer and the poor poorer areas, rich areas get richer, the poor poorer, the rich get richer and the serious social trend of polarization.
2. the above model, poor countries (regions) can not sell a food producer, resulting in food surplus, while the production of food people are unemployed. poor countries (regions) the situation of producers b versa.
3. torsion.
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