Abstract: The author believes that guilt comes from two aspects: wisdom and desire. This provides the wisdom to distinguish the premise of good and evil, and the desire to provide the driving force of achievement of good and evil, wisdom and desire to the common interpretation of the sin of the world. The original sin is a sin real sense of derivatives, the real sin of the Christian theology of a mental excuse. In reality, sin consciousness, order, reason, faith, and provide a valid basis for consciousness; In addition, the original sin but also for the spirit of equality and freedom to provide the foundation. Humanities in China, due to lack of awareness of original sin, so there will be a special meaning face constraints; the same time, there is no sense of redemption, so, people will be more crazy for the enjoyment of this world, which will lead to the development of a more short-term. In addition, because people lack awareness of or no original sin, who also added a natural psychological tendency to crime, but no natural guilt. Therefore, I believe that China's development, in a certain sense, also needs to cultivate people's sense of original sin, but this will be a very complex issue, but also a long process.
Keywords: China
meaning of original sin is generally believed that original sin concept originated in Western civilization has its roots in the Christian Bible from According to the The temptation of Eve by the serpent, ate the wisdom of God forbids them to eat fruit, and gave Adam to eat. Both were the result of God out of the Garden of Eden. This is the most primitive of human sin.
It was also pointed out that ① Augustine said: Many different types of crimes included in this. ③
later theologians Augustine and Calvin was the original sin of the following summary: First, the original sin is the sin nature in general; Second, the original sin is human nature, which is also known as peccatum naturale); Third, because of original sin is human nature, so it is genetically; four original sin from Adam. ④
Chinese scholars believe that the traditional humanities in China, also have original sin consciousness. And one of the classic example of culture Case when the phase with the suddenly prosperous in the land of chaos, chaos to be the Shen Shan. Prosperous and neglect reported to seek the moral chaos, said: That this is the out-of original sin with Chinese characteristics. And that the authors believe that, despite the prosperous and neglect of the subjective desire is good, but they are labeled a The difference is that: the original sin is because people talk about first-class.
In addition, some people had to expand the concept of original sin, original sin, such as private entrepreneurs and capitalists, such as original sin, where sin is only the meaning of the original sin, original sin and the Christian concept of two things.
sin discussed in this article mainly refers to the sense of Christian theology, original sin, rather than the other.
I believe that original sin is a sin in real terms in the derivatives, the real sin is a Christian theology of a mental excuse.
crime is a distant concept induction. Guilt comes from two aspects: wisdom and desire. Because people have the wisdom and desire is long, so have a sense of humanity is also ancient. This provides the wisdom to distinguish the premise of good and evil, and the desire to provide the driving force of achievement of good and evil, wisdom and desire to the common interpretation of the sin of the world.
in the This aside, This result represents the wisdom of wisdom, the snake represents the desire of both the common achievements of human sin and guilt.
guilt is the magic spell that afflict humanity, so, he has always to seek such a variety of ways to escape the guilt.
a way to request directly to the victims of indulgences.
Taylor in the first version of the British in 1871's to kill or hunt animals, to be presented to them and ask them indulgences gifts. North American Indians bowed respectfully bow to the Diamondbacks, sprinkle a pinch of tobacco to smugglers as a gift, and then catch the tail, amazing agility to kill him. When people want to kill the bear, when to ask him to indulgences, and even try to make amends, with the peace pipe with him smoking. Hokkaido Ainu Bear killed after the tribute and obedience to him, and then to cut open the bear's body. In Cambodia, people will not forget the animals to be killed by them request indulgences. ⑤
interpretation of a contemporary Chinese scholar in Yunnan, pray for the grace of God and forgiveness Jinuo primitive religion, said: room to worship in the long 'A six' - mountain, tree farming tree felling offended God, to close Valley offended Ceres, etc., should be eleven worship. , Quanzhai with the to participate in tree felling sick.
Another way is to seek a scapegoat.
Fraser in the famous work calf who counts up to more than a thousand cited article. Usually carried out of the town is dead, on the mortuary shelf. Clan elders, stood a head before the body, recite or sing the terms of a long list of crimes are committed by any person will sin Bada Jia. Each host read a crime, which all followed the last word repeated. Moderator sins listed can reach more than one thousand three hundred articles. Even if the deceased committed all the sins of them, the hosts still have shouted: The next presenter stated the details of the deceased crime, such as hand on calf body, this very specific sin is transferred to a small calf body. The complete single offense finished, everyone shouted in unison, At this point, a replacement host, repeat the procedure once again repent. Repentance row three times, be considered the end of the ceremony. Their attitude is extremely serious. ⑦
in the divine worship. Then they cried to the bear's body next to the memorial: knife.
the committed arson, theft, adultery, witchcraft and other major crimes were to be donated twenty-eight En Guka, that two pounds more. to gather up the money to get their purchase of the two sick people in the Mainland to sacrifice, a commitment to land-based crimes, and the other crimes bear the water. hired by a man from a nearby town killed them. February 17, 1858, Pastor Taylor, who had seen such a sacrifice sacrifice . victims was a woman, a girl of nineteen, the age of twenty. People lay the ground face down her alive had been dragged from the palace by the river, two miles away, the crowd behind her shouted : evil! evil! has said such practices (early twentieth century) of the Niger Delta are still many tribes in a secret fashion, to stop the British government to ignore. Jesus is both God's incarnation is the Son of God, he is the unity of God and man. Jesus from the In the famous cross, he is out of the blood, take up of all the sins of mankind, the birth of the human conscience and freedom.
third way is to wash by washing to remove guilt.
washing is often carried out in the specified days.
some religions, the conventional washing ceremony. Japan's ancient Shinto religion is like that. 31 May. ⑩
ancient Chinese held in the spring and fall pray for blessing in the waterside of the cult, the name cleanse. With its religious meaning in the Japanese Shinto ceremony is very close to cleanse, but also for the sins of the body to eliminate foul. This custom must be ancient relics of the primitive religion, customs and the way it kept the original concept of human worship repentance. Implementation of this concept to every corner of culture, such people must be engaged in significant acts of purification before the fast, must wash their hands before the draw and so on. So far there are
In some people, Xizui ceremony and even then at any time whenever necessary. Manipur in northeast India, state the main case of major emergency situation, often the way with a wash and clean their own sins onto a prisoner to sin. State owners and his wife put on a beautiful gown, on a shelf in the market flush their bodies of water, squatted on the prisoner to the bottom shelf, with the crime of receiving bath. Here is the water and wash ⑾ ceremony to help lift the evil maharaja, digestion of the sense of original sin.
fourth way is to get rid of crime by a sense of prospective.
Christian theology is the way through the prospective justify a sense of human sin. This will be prospectively is inferring guilt of mankind to the point of human birth, and the starting point of this was born of human sin as sin, but sin is a result derived later, and thus also for the present Human ease the pressure from sin, and provides a way to self liberation and channels.
karma in Buddhism also has a prospective meaning. Present the results from the previous life because, this is a prospective method.
In reality, the development of original sin is profound.
First, the original sin of this world who feel the need to provide salvation. Because people are born sinful, so anyone in need of redemption, otherwise, the result is disastrous. Because of the need for salvation, so people need to explore ways of salvation. In this case, human behavior must have a constraint, which provides an order for the development of meaning. In addition, the people in order to explore the redemption,bailey UGG boots, rationality and sense of integrity and will have a handy.
Second, the original sin provides a sense of equality of the gene. Since no one is born guilty, so, in the face of salvation, a person is equal in real terms. Idol reality does not exist here, which also ruled out the authoritarian mentality strong. In this case, awareness of slaves and masters will be short but short. People psychologically, will be more attached to God, and not attached to the reality of any individual.
Third, a sense of original sin but also eased the pressure on the human sense of their own sins. Reasons due to the sin pushed to the distant past, so people also for the sins of the present provides a means of psychological relief, which will ease the human body and the soul of the tension. From this point of view, original sin has a sense of the practical significance of the individual, it is also the road to happiness man provides an outlet.
Fourth, the original sin reflects a sense of freedom to choose the flavor. From the Christian theology of view, the essence of original sin is a result of free choice. Here, freedom has a primitive sense. Because in the kingdom of heaven, who is essentially free, there is no problem for not fighting. Here is a selection of crime you have the freedom to enter hell, choose your salvation is free to enter heaven, where God is the only enforcer of the law, but God does not directly interfere with and limit your freedom.
of Chinese cultural traditions, the author believes that there is no sin nature of consciousness.
noble people who are natural, born to enjoy life, not suffering.
some scholars have cited earlier in this article,Bailey UGG boots, is natural that every person has sin, this sin and the Christian concept of original sin is essentially different.
In addition, even in China there is the original sin of early human consciousness, but this awareness did not eventually evolve into the mainstream, its existence is sporadic, so people will not say that consciousness is the essence of original sin.
the absence of awareness of sin, so people have less desire of salvation, and the rest is the main pursuit of earthly satisfaction. There is no sense of sin, the difference is: a sin, redemption may not be crazy because in the future; without sin, may be due not been given this life to enjoy the madness. In this case, people will for this world crazy, development is costly, while also developing more of a short-term rather than long-term.
In addition, the face is the generation with no sense of sin associated complex. Because people are intelligent animals, who can identify the information, and wisdom to deal with this identification, camouflage has become necessary. Essence face mask. There is no sin in the case, because few people within a discipline and the pursuit of conscious, people will focus more on camouflage and spend other people's recognition on the deal to meet the needs of communication between people.
but camouflage is a cost, so people also need to face the cost of protection,UGG bailey button, but also face more of a sunk cost. In this case, a face-saving face than people who do not need to be more careful, because if he does not care, it will lead to higher costs of losses.
So, in case there is no original sin, the more rational people to pay attention to face recognition. On the one hand, people pay more attention to maintain their own face; on the other hand, people are more willing to face human beings. And in this case, will further lead to more human face of, the face became the face of the defenders themselves, which would lead to a situation of self-locked loop, which also provides for the break this situation great difficulty.
In reality, if the community lacks the inherent constraints, face the constraints still has its positive meaning. Face care face, after all, who better than the disregard of some of the most terrible is that even the face are not. But, after all, face an external constraint constraints and soft constraints, so in a human face, human nature is the lack of good faith, but also awareness of the lack of order.
Therefore, in China, due to little or no original sin conscious people, who also added a natural psychological tendency to crime, but no natural guilt. Therefore, I believe that China's development, in a certain sense, also needs to cultivate people's sense of original sin, but this will be a very complex issue, but also a long process.
Note:
① see Liu Zongkun
② quoted Liu Zongkun
③ quoted Liu Zongkun
④ see Liu Zongkun
⑤ Taylor,
⑥ Zheng Xiaoyun,
⑦ Frazer,
⑧ Frazer,
⑨ Frazer,
⑩ 谢亚托卡列夫
⑾ Frazer,
relations are increasingly becoming the primary productive force
Sung Kyu
science and technology are primary productive forces, which we often say, is in line with an expression of the objective law . But the situation now exists is: relations are increasingly becoming the primary productive force.
duties to be raised, the most important thing is to have job performance, but the relationship is now the most important capital. A relationship does not matter, the result is quite different. In this case, have leadership positions, that is, Latin American relations expert, not management experts. Once such a person as a unit leader, unit management, standardization is a problem. Because people usually pay attention to the Latin American relations, that may be useful in a Latin American relations, but Latin American relations,Discount UGG boots, would not necessarily management, and management capabilities Gaobu Gao are not the main basis for promotion. Therefore, in the case of relationship-based, relationship expert is popular, but the real management experts will be sitting on the bench.
professional title, and now relations are increasingly important. Academic evaluation would have to very flexible, but once the relationship comes to getting no sight. Published ten articles to commentary on the professor, but you painstaking research, not to pursue the relationship, that is, a hundred published articles may not be commentary on the relationship here may be more than ninety articles in the role. In this case, people will give Gao Bugao quality in the end the article here, and in some cases, standards are often still play a major role in relations, not the actual level of article quality.
sick to see a doctor, relationships are also important. Are related, by the flicker of the possibility of small, cost may also small; does not matter, is the problem. Running
some units, it is the first relationship. A relationship, like money, like to do the project. Then, run relationship is important to run the project preparatory work. Finally, the project end item, but also play a significant role in relations. Obviously did not do the project, but as long as lobbying, the final project is adopted.
violate the law, how to deal with the legal provisions are expressly provided. However, there is no real relationship, the final processing result is not the same.
relations and path network transactions, but also the channel allocation of resources. Relationship between the appearance are: relatives, friends, relations, relations between comrades in arms, fellow relationship, relationship between students, staff relations, and so on. Between hard-not hard, in essence it really a good deal of access problems. Between hard, like communication between; relations are not hard, not easy to communicate with each other.
nature of the relationship of interest, so people try to curry favor, there is always directional. The benefits or reduce, where people want to work with people linked up to their advantage. Thus, government officials, wealthy, and so on, it becomes a relationship between objects. So, in reality, always: the poor in the crowded city, the rich have distant relatives in the mountains.
relationship between market economy and culture can each use. Essence of market economy, the universalization of the transaction. Regulated market economy requires that any transaction must be clearly marked, and are not allowed to have any black-box operation. However, relations between culture, transaction prices are not clearly marked, but matched with the relationship is flexible. Between the hard, the transaction price is low, you pay the cost is low; relations are not hard or nothing, you pay the high price or cost is high. Therefore, it is Latin American relations, is a real investment behavior in advance. When you need work, you can use relationship, pay a lower price will get things done, the difference here is that you or the relationship between the return on investment ahead of itself has value.
combination of market economy and the relationship between culture, will further lead to the proliferation of hidden rules, hidden rules will lead to further refinement. In terms of social development, it will make society step by step into the trap to a relationship, eventually leading to At present, China's development is facing such a dilemma. The strong gravity in the relationship under the principles of justice will be distorted. The relationship between culture, justice often becomes a pretext. With the allocation of resources is obviously a relationship, or relationship obviously is by promotion of cadres, or is obviously a commentary on the title by relation, but later many of these people will give Here the principle of justice become a
relationship, just as a pool of sewage, erosion of all aspects of national development. China's development, must be hard to resolve this stumbling block, otherwise, China's market economy, that is, economic relations, Chinese society will also eventually become a matter of society.
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